基于SRAP技术的姜科植物遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Zingiberaceae Plants Based on SRAP

为姜科植物资源的保护与利用提供科学依据,以采自海南岛内的11种姜科样品为材料,采用相关序列扩增多态性(Sequence-related amplified polymorphism,SRAP)分子标记技术对基因组进行提取与扩增,并分析其遗传多样性。结果表明:姜科植物提取的DNA条带明显清晰、未见降解、质量良好;SRAPPCR扩增共获得条带59条,均为多态性条带,多态性比率均为100%;姜科植物的遗传相似系数在0.500 0~0.838 4,其中草豆蔻与大苞闭鞘姜、海南砂仁与皱叶山姜、红豆蔻与光叶山姜、阳春砂与阳荷两两间遗传相似系数最大,均为0.838 4,表明其亲缘关系最近;在遗传相似系数0.500 0处,11种姜科药用植物分为两大类,Ⅰ类包括益智、草豆蔻、大苞闭鞘姜、海南砂仁和皱叶山姜,Ⅱ类包括红豆蔻、光叶山姜、高良姜、阳春砂、阳荷和爪哇白豆蔻。

In order to provide scientific basis for the protection and utilization of Zingiberaceae resources,11 species of Zingiberaceae samples from Hainan Island were used as materials.The whole genome DNA was extracted and amplified by sequence-related amplified polymorphism(SRAP)molecular marker technology,and the genetic diversity was analyzed.The results showed that:The DNA bands extracted from Zingiberaceae were clear without degradation,and the quality was good.A total of 59 bands were obtained by SRAP-PCR,all of which were polymorphic,and the polymorphic ratio was 100%.The genetic similarity coefficient of Zingiberaceae is 0.5000-0.8384.Among them,the genetic similarity coefficients between Alpinia katsumadai and Cestus megalobraecea,Amomum longiligular and Alpinia rugosa,Alpiniagalanga Willdand Alpinia intermedia,Amomum villosumand Zingiber striolatum were the largest(0.8384),indicating that they were the closest relatives.In the place with genetic similarity coefficient of 0.5000,11 medicinal plants of Zingiberaceae were divided into two categories.The classⅠcontains Alpinia oxyphylla,A.katsumadai,C.megalobraecea,A.longiligular and A.rugosa.The classⅡcontains A.Willd,A.intermedia,Alpinia officinarum,A.villosum,Z.striolatum and Amomum compactum.