大红火龙果花粉离体萌发条件的优化及其活力测定方法筛选

Optimization of in vitro Pollen Germination Conditions and Determination Method Screening of Pollen Viability in Hylocereus monacanthus

为大红火龙果人工授粉及其丰产栽培、杂交育种及果实品质改良提供参考,采用单因素试验,研究不同培养基组分对花粉萌发的影响,并运用离体萌发法测定花粉萌发率;比较TTC染色法、醋酸洋红染色法、亚历山大红染色法和I2-KI染色法测定大红火龙果的花粉活力,筛选准确测定大红火龙果花粉活力的最佳方法。结果表明:大红火龙果花粉离体萌发最佳培养基组分为Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 0.3g/L+MgSO4·7H2O 1.2g/L+KNO3 0.1g/L+15%蔗糖+700mg/L硼酸+1%琼脂,pH为6.7,此条件下花粉萌发率高,为(43.9±6.27)%,且利于花粉管伸长。醋酸洋红法测定的大红火龙果花粉活力为(37.67±4.18)%,与离体萌发法测定的萌发率无显著差异,为花粉活力的最佳测定方法。

To provide a reference for artificial pollination,high-yield cultivation,hybrid breeding and fruit quality improvement of Hylocereus monacanthus,a single factor test was used to study the effects of different media components on pollen germination,and the in vitro germination method was employed to determine the pollen germination rate;The pollen vitality of H.monacanthus determined by different method was compared,including TTC dyeing method,acetate magenta dyeing method,Alexander red dyeing method and I2-KI dyeing method,and the best determination method of pollen vitality of H.monacanthus was screened.Results:The optimal components of in vitro pollen germination medium were Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 0.3 g/L+MgSO4·7 H2O 1.2 g/L+KNO30.1 g/L+15%sucrose+700 mg/L boric acid+1%agar,with pH 6.7,under these conditions,the pollen germination rate was high up to(43.9±6.27)%,and is conducive to pollen tube elongation.The pollen vitality of H.monacanthus determined by the acetate magenta dyeing method was(37.67±4.18)%,not significantly different with that determined by the in vitro germination method,it is the best method for measuring pollen vitality.