从《死水微澜》看清末时期成都休闲现象及旅游价值

Chengdu's Leisure Phenomenon and Tourism Value in the late Qing Dynasty as Reflected in Ripples Across Stagnant Water

《死水微澜》构建了清末成都地区民众的休闲世界。小说中的休闲现象可分为两大类:一类表现为饮食休闲、言语休闲、节日休闲,这是川西坝人传统的休闲行为,反映了休闲的本质是人“成为人”的过程;另一类表现为物化休闲、看客休闲、“有闲阶级”权力的游戏,这些使得人的全面丰富性受到压抑,变成“死水”,反映了休闲的异化。休闲是旅游的重要目的,旅游是休闲的重要载体,小说中的休闲现象可为当下社会旅游的发展提供思考。应正确认识旅游的价值,正视旅游中消费主义、技术主义现象;大力发展生产力,为旅游的发展提供物质基础;培育人文精神,注重旅游的人文关怀;重视个体的“性格情趣”,在社会不断发展中追求“诗意的栖居”。

Ripples Across Stagnant Water,a famous Chinese novel published in the 1930s,recreates the leisure world of the people on Western Sichuan Plains.The leisure phenomena in the novel are mainly divided into two categories:one is represented by diet leisure,speech leisure,and holiday leisure.This is the traditional leisure behavior of the people on Western Sichuan Plains,reflecting the nature of leisure and the process of“becoming a person”;the other includes reified leisure,spectator leisure such as“opium smoking”,“gambling”,and“frequenting brothels”.These power games of the“leisure class”are no different from alienation because they suppress the overall richness of people and turn the society into“stagnant water”.Leisure is an important purpose of tourism,and tourism is an important carrier of leisure.The leisure phenomena in the novel provide reflections on the development of current social tourism.We should correctly understand the value of tourism,the historical nature of consumerism and technological tendencies in tourism,vigorously develop productive forces,and provide a material basis for the development of tourism.In addition,efforts should be made to cultivate the humanistic spirit,focus on the humanistic care of tourism.Only with due attention paid to the personalities and tastes of different individuals will it be possible to pursue“poetic habitation”in the continuous development of society.