基于AVL-Cruise仿真的公交车油耗因素分析

Analysis of Fuel Consumption Factors of Buses Based on AVL-Cruise Simulation

为提高公交车的燃油经济性,对公交车油耗影响因素进行研究。采用AVL-Cruise软件建立公交车仿真模型,然后通过控制变量法分别对载客量、站间距离、加速度进行油耗分析,得到各影响因素与油耗的数据,最后用MATLAB将数据进行拟合,得到油耗影响因素与油耗的关系式。结果表明:载客量与油耗呈线性正相关。站间距离、加速度与油耗呈非线性相关并且随着站间距离的增加油耗越来越低,但油耗下降幅度逐渐放缓。当加速度的值小于0.75m/s^2时,随着加速度的增大,公交车油耗降低;当加速度的值在0.75~0.8m/s^2之间时,存在百公里油耗最小值;当加速度值大于0.8m/s^2时,百公里油耗随加速度的增大而增大,但不呈线性关系。

To improve the fuel economy of buses,the fuel consumption factors of buses were researched.Firstly,the bus simulation model was established by AVL-Cruise software.Then the data of various influencing factors and fuel consumption was gained by using control variable methods to analyze fuel consumption of passenger capacity,station distance and accelerated speed respectively.Finally,the relationship between fuel consumption and its affecting factors was obtained by data integration using MATLAB.The result shows that the relationship between the passenger capacity and the fuel consumption is linearly positively correlated;the distance between the stations,the acceleration and the fuel consumption are nonlinear correlation and the fuel consumption is lower and lower with the increase of the distance between the stations,however,the declining fuel consumption is decreasing gradually;When the value is less than 0.75 m/s^2,the fuel consumption of the bus decreases with the increase of the acceleration;when the value of the acceleration is between 0.75~0.8 m/s^2,there is a minimum fuel consumption per 100 km;when the acceleration value is greater than 0.8 m/s^2,the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers increases with the increase of acceleration,but not linearly.