基于推理机制的图形界面理论探究

Graphic Interface Theory Based on Reasoning Mechanism

目的 图形界面作为信息传达的窗口是最先通过人眼到达大脑皮层的,其速度远远超越了文字,如何更快更有效地获取信息已成为界面可用性研究中重要的衡量准则,且该研究有利于揭示人类智能的内在潜力和人类心智的发展潜能.方法 基于形象推理研究抽象推理,通过对心智逻辑和心智模型两种推理机制的探索,采用任务推理实验研究了图形界面设计的内在推理规律.结果 以反应时和错误率作为实验指标,证实用户在不同的界面架构下使用的推理机制不同,且推理结果受认知负荷的影响.结论 发现用户在同父或同子关系的信息架构下,认知倾向于心智模型的推理方式;在不同父子关系的信息架构下,认知倾向于心智逻辑的推理方式;且图形认知负荷越高,推理过程越慢,错误率越高.

As a window for information transmission, GUI is the first one to reach the cerebral cortex through the human eye. Its speed far exceeds that of words. How to get information faster and more effectively has become an important criterion in study of interface usability. Moreover, this study is conducive to revealing the inherent potential of human intelligence and the development potential of human mind. The abstract reasoning was researched based on image reasoning. Through the exploration of mental logic and mental model, the reasoning experiment was used to study the inherent reasoning rules of graphic interface design. Reaction time and error rate were used as experimental indicators to show that users used different reasoning mechanisms in different interface architectures. And the reasoning results were affected by cognitive load. It is found that under the information structure of the same parent or sibling relationship, the cognition tends to the reasoning mode of the mental model;under the information structure of different parent or sibling relationship, the cognition tends to the reasoning mode of the mental logic. The higher the level of graph cognitive load, the slower the reasoning process, and the higher the error rate.