宋代耀州窑莲纹构图意象认知研究

Lotus Pattern Composition Image Cognition of Yaozhou Kiln in the Song Dynasty

目的 对宋代耀州窑莲纹主要构图形式的特点及构图所传递的装饰意象认知进行分析.方法 从构图学的角度出发,首先采用实地考察法和文献研究法分析宋代耀州窑莲纹的构图特点,然后利用聚类分析法将纹样按照构图骨骼形式分为:对称式、转换式、三角式、向心式、缠枝式、折枝式六类,在此基础上运用语意差分法展开构图意象认知实验,最后总结构图形式对装饰意象认知的影响规律.结论 耀州窑装饰纹样构图形式既遵循图案的构成规律,又在规律的基本框架下,根据器物造型、装饰题材、装饰手法的不同,打破束缚,随形而变,并且同一题材类型的纹样所传递的装饰意象认知随构图骨骼形式的变化而产生变化,整体体现出构图严谨、结构紧凑的形式之美,追求动势的节奏与韵律之美.

The work aims to analyze the characteristics of main composition forms of lotus patterns of Yaozhou kiln in the Song Dynasty and the decorative image cognition conveyed by the composition.Firstly,field investigation and literature study were used to analyze the composition characteristics of lotus patterns of Yaozhou kiln in the Song Dynasty from the perspective of composition science.Then,the clustering analysis was used to classify the patterns into six types based on the composition frame:symmetrical,reversing,triangular,centripetal,twisted and folded patterns.On this basis,the semantic differential method was applied to carry out the experiment of the composition image cognition.Finally,the regularities of the influence of composition forms on the decorative image cognition were summarized.The composition forms of Yaozhou kiln’s decorative patterns conform to the composition law of patterns,and they break the bondage and change with the shape in the basic framework of the law,according to the difference of objects shape,decorative themes and decorative techniques.In addition,the decorative image cognition conveyed by the same pattern subject changes with the composition frame,and it shows the formal beauty of rigorous composition and compact structure,and pursues the beauty of rhythm and rhyme of movement.