中乌皮革产业合作的基础、困境与路径研究

The Foundation,Dilemma and Solution of Leather Industry Cooperation between China and Uzbekistan

产业合作是"一带一路"倡议从谋篇布局走向精耕细作的关键抓手。皮革产业作为中乌市场规模和资源禀赋优势上有潜力的互补产业,契合双方在促就业、惠民生、调结构的经济发展规划。中乌政治合作长期稳定、资本结合力度加大、皮革贸易潜力激增、产能合作惠及当地、企业运营成本较低、皮革市场需求可塑是双方皮革产业合作的现实基础条件,但乌本身存在的法规突变、税负较高、营商环境建设滞后、物质基础支撑较弱、产业承接渠道不畅、资金融通难度较大、消费市场拓展不易等困境仍阻碍中乌皮革产业合作的进一步深化。针对中乌皮革产业合作的选择时机进入路径、皮制品本土化路径、核心资源配置路径以及长期战略规划路径,LUX leather中乌合资公司"稳住心态观察市场""高质生产扎根当地""以皮制皮涂饰工艺""潜心培育产品价值链"的实践为突破困境提供了有益借鉴。

Industrial cooperation is the key to the intensive work from the general layout within the framework of"the Belt and Road Initiative".As a potential complementary industry in terms of market size and resources,the leather industry is in line with the economic development plans of China and Uzbekistan in promoting employment,improving people's livelihood and adjusting economic structure.The long-term stability of China-Uzbekistan political cooperation,the increased integration of China-Uzbekistan capital,the rapid increase in China-Uzbekistan leather trade,the benefits of China-Uzbekistan production capacity cooperation to the local economy,the low operating costs for concerned enterprises and the plastic demand in the China-Uzbekistan leather market are all practical foundations for the bilateral leather industry cooperation.However,issues such as sudden changes in laws and regulations,high tax burden,lagging business environment development,weak material foundation support,poor access to industries,higher difficulties in financing and in expanding consumer markets hinder the further deepening of China-Uzbekistan leather industrial cooperation.This paper proposed for the cooperation such solutions as the access opportunity,localization of leather products,allocation core resources and long-term strategic planning.The LUX leather China-Uzbekistan Joint Venture has provided constructive experiences by practicing"observing the market in stable mentality","taking root in the local area by providing high-quality products","developing leather coating process"and"dedicating to the cultivation of product chains".