四川栗子坪国家级自然保护区野生鸟兽的红外相机初步监测

Preliminary Camera-trapping Survey on Wild Mammals and Birds in Liziping National Nature Reserve

红外相机技术目前已成为监测大中型兽类和林下鸟类的一种重要手段,广泛用于生物多样性调查。2018年-2019年,采用红外相机监测技术在四川栗子坪国家级自然保护区布设了56个相机位点,布设密度为1台·hm-2,对常绿、落叶阔叶混交林野生鸟兽进行了初步调查。相机累计工作17074个有效工作日,共获得野生动物独立有效照片15746张,鉴定出隶属4目13科的18种兽类和2目6科的16种鸟类。相对丰富度指数较高的前3种兽类和3种鸟类分别为毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)、藏酋猴(Macaca thibetana)、野猪(Sus scrofa)和血雉(Ithaginis cruentus)、红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)及白腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus amherstiae)。记录到2种国家I级和9种国家II级重点保护物种,被IUCN红色名录评估为濒危(EN)的1种、易危(VU)的5种、近危(NT)的2种。此外,红外相机还监测到了家畜活动(牛、狗和马)和人为活动,因此,建议保护区管理部门仍需采取相应管理措施,进一步提高周边居民的保护意识,促进保护区与社区的协调发展。

Camera-trapping technology has become an important means of monitoring large and medium-sized mammals and understory birds,and is widely used in biodiversity survey.From 2018 to 2019,56 infrared camera monitoring sites(one camera per hectare)were set up in Liziping National Nature Reserve using infrared camera monitoring technology to monitor wild mammals and birds in evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forests.All cameras had been working for a total of 17,074 effective working days,and a total of 15,746 independent and effective photos of wild animals had been obtained.18 species of mammals belonging to 4 orders,13 families and 16 species of birds belonging to 2 orders,6 families had been identified.The first three species of mammals and three species of birds with high relative abundance index were tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus),Tibetan chief monkey(Macaca thibetana),the wild boar(Sus scrofa)and the blood pheasant(Ithaginis cruentus),red-bellied pheasant(Tragopan temminckii)and White-bellied Pheasant(Chrysolophus amherstiae)respectively.Two kinds of National I-level and 9 National-level II key protected species were recorded,and one species was evaluated as endangered(EN),five species as vulnerable(VU)and two species as near-endangered(NT)by IUCN Red List.In addition,infrared cameras have also monitored domestic animal activities(cattle,dogs,and horses)and human activities.It is recommended that management departments of the protected areas still need to take corresponding management measures to further enhance the protection awareness of surrounding residents and promote the coordinated development of the protected areas and the communities.