中国人居环境研究的总体特征及其知识图谱可视化分析

General Characteristics and Knowledge Maps Visualization Analysis of Human Settlement Research in China

基于CNKI、CSCD文献搜索引擎,以及文献计量可视化工具,采用传统文献研究与知识图谱相结合的方法,对1992-2017年中国人居环境研究的总体特征与知识图谱进行了定量识别和全景式展现。结果发现:1)近25年来,中国人居环境研究发文数量显著增长,《建筑学报》《城市规划》《城市发展研究》等期刊是学者的主要科研阵地;2)研究的优势机构和团队主要集中在中国科学院地理与资源研究所,以及辽宁师范大学、清华大学等其他建筑、规划类和师范类院校;3)研究经费多元化趋势明显,国家级基金是最主要的来源。4)在研究热点方面,人居环境、居住环境、宜居城市、人类环境、可持续发展、居住空间等是学者长期重点关注的热点词汇。5)在研究主题与知识基础方面,相关研究内容广泛,主题尚不集中,城市人居环境、宜居城市、居住环境、农村人居环境、自然适宜性、居住生活满意度、人居环境科学、人口发展是受到关注较多的8个热点主题,其知识基础建立在31篇经典文献之上。6)在具体演进轨迹方面,相关研究的知识结构呈连续发展且彼此联系紧密的态势,发展脉络较为清晰,并具有较强的问题导向性和政策导向性;社会经济发展的阶段性和动态性,问题或政策的学科发展导向,以及学者间的合作交流、学科间的交叉融合、技术方法的革新与应用等是其演进的主要驱动力。

Along with environmental problems that constantly emerge due to rapid industrialization and urbanization,human settlement,an ancient and new field in the man-land relationship research,is attracting increasingly wider attention in academia.Taking the China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI)and Chinese Science Citation Database(CSCD)as the literature search engines,and based on the platform of CiteSpace,this paper analyzes and summarizes the general characteristics and the mapping knowledge domain of human settlement research from 1992 to 2017 in China.The results show the following:1)There has been a significant increase in the number of published articles on Chinese human settlements,and the Architectural Journal,City Planning Review,and Urban Development Studies are the main journals for publication.2)The most competitive research institutions and teams are mainly found in the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),as well as in other architectural&planning and normal universities,such as Liaoning Normal University,Tsinghua University and others.3)As for the funding sources,there is an obvious diversification trend with national funding being the primary source of research grants.4)In terms of key research areas,human settlement,residential environment,livable city,human environment,sustainable development,living space,and the like have been focused on for a long time.5)In terms of the research topics and intellectual base,the research content on human settlement is relatively broad,and there is no focus on any specific topic.Based on 31 classic articles,"Urban human settlements","livable city","rural human settlements","residential environment","nature suitability","residential satisfaction","sciences of human settlement",and"population development"are 8 hot topics.6)As for the evolution route,the development of research on human settlements in China has shown a clear evolutionary process and has a strong problem orientation and policy research orientation.Stages and dynamics of socio-economic development,as well as problem and policy orientations of research are the main driving forces for its evolution.In addition,the cooperation and exchange among scholars,interdisciplinary integration,and the innovation and application of new technology and methods can also promote its evolution.Throughout the history of Chinese human environment research,scholars have always focused on the nation's requirements,focusing on the two central elements(i.e.human and environment)of human settlements and their relationship.However,the understanding of related studies of theoretical cognition,research object and content,and research scale and method should also be further deepened and expanded.This paper clarifies the context of the development of the science of human settlements in terms of time,deepens the understanding and grasp of the human settlement research,as well as provides scientific reference for subsequent research.