新疆农田生态系统服务价值变化及影响因素分析

Analysis of changes in farmland ecosystem services value and its influencing factors in Xinjiang

采用当量因子法分析新疆农田生态系统服务价值变化及影响因素,结果表明:2008-2017年10年间,新疆农田生态系统总服务价值总体呈现增长趋势,由2008年的629.48亿元连续递增至2016年的1 663.81亿元,2017年下降至1 428.18亿元;农田生态系统单位面积生态服务价值也呈现先增长后降低的趋势,由2008年的18 589元/hm^2,递增至2013年的33 238元/hm^2,再递减至2017年的27 465元/hm^2,表明新疆农田生态系统的服务价值逐渐转向消耗过度的阶段。农业生产总值、农民人均收入、农业投资、化肥施用量和农业用电量等因素对农田生态系统服务价值变化有较为显著的影响。通过加强新疆生态防护林网体系建设与管护,加快信息农业技术、生物农业技术推广,构建生态农业技术应用补偿机制有助于改善新疆农田生态系统环境,提升农田生态系统服务功能价值。

The equivalent factor method was used to analyze the changes and influencing factors of farmland ecosystem service value in Xinjiang.The results show that during the ten years from 2008 to 2017,the total value of Xinjiang's farmland ecosystem services showed an overall growth trend,which continuously increased from 62.948 billion yuan in 2008 to 166.381 billion yuan in 2016 and decreased to 142.818 billion yuan in 2017;The value of ecological services per unit area of farmland ecosystem also showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,from 18,589 yuan/hm^2 in 2008 to 33,238 yuan/hm^2 in 2013,and then decreasing to 27,465 yuan/hm 2 in 2017,indicating that the service value of farmland ecosystem in Xinjiang was gradually shifting to the stage of excessive consumption.Agricultural production value,per capita income of farmers,agricultural investment,fertilizer application amount and agricultural power consumption have a significant impact on the change of service value of farmland ecosystem.Through strengthening the construction and management of Xinjiang's ecological protection forest network system,accelerating the dissemination of information agricultural technology,biological agricultural technology,and establishing the compensation mechanism for the application of ecological agricultural technology,it is helpful to improve the farmland ecosystem environment in Xinjiang and enhance the service value of farmland ecosystem.