常德市临澧县5座中型水库水质生物学评价及鲢鳙鱼产力评估

Biological assessment of water quality and production estimation of silver carp and bighead carp in five reservoirs of Linli County,Changde City

为实现水库水体修复及维护,生物群落结构得到调整和优化、实现生态资源的高效利用和可持续发展,对临澧县5座中型水库的浮游生物和水体理化因子展开调查,确定当前临澧县水库水环境健康状态以及鲢鳙生态渔业容量。结果显示:各水库总氮为0.46~1.06 mg/L,总磷为0.016~0.054 mg/L;官亭、高桥、群英、同欢、浮山年均生物量分别为11.2、16.5、0.9、2.4、4.2 mg/L,浮游动物年均生物量分别为45.1、28.4、32.3、78.1、10.9μg/L。临澧县水域水质状况良好,除官亭水库处于Ⅲ类水质外,高桥、群英、同欢、浮山4个水库均达到Ⅱ类水体标准。临澧县各水库鲢鳙鱼产力为:官亭水库225 kg/hm^2,高桥水库195 kg/hm^2,群英水库139.5 kg/hm^2,同欢水库153.75 kg/hm^2,浮山水库106.5 kg/hm^2。

In order to maintaining and repairing the water environment of the reservoir,biological community structure can be adjusted and optimized,ultimately achieve biological resources high efficient use and sustainable development.Five medium-reservoirs in Linli County were assessed in this study,the health status of water environment and fishery ecological capacity of silver carp and bighead carp were estimated via the investigation of the physicochemical parameters and plankton.The range of total nitrogen and phosphorus in each reservoir were 0.46~1.06 mg/L and 0.016~0.054 mg/L.The annual biomass of phytoplankton in Guanqing,Gaoqiao,Qunying,Tonghuan,Fushan reservoir is 11.2,16.5,0.9,2.4,4.2 mg/L,respectively;and annual biomass of zooplankton in Guanqing,Gaoqiao,Qunying,Tonghuan,Fushan reservoir is 45.1,28.4,32.3,78.1,10.9μg/L.The results showed the water quality of of Gaoqiao,Qunying,Tonghuan,Fushan reservoirs areⅡgrade,and the Guanqing reservoir isⅢgrade.The natural baits for silver carp and bighead carp in each reservoir were phytoplankton and zooplankton,so the productions of silver carp and bighead carp in reservoirs of Guanting,Gaoqiao,Qunying,Tonghuan,Fushan were 225 kg/hm^2,195 kg/hm^2,139.5 kg/hm^2,153.75 kg/hm^2,106.5 kg/hm^2 respectively.