石油烃类污染物的微生物修复研究进展

Research Progress on Microbial Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollutants

近年来我国石油烃类污染日益严峻,生物修复作为一种经济高效、绿色环保的新兴修复技术,逐步被世界各国广泛关注与应用。基于生物强化、生物刺激、微生物固定化、基因工程等多种技术,对石油烃污染治理中的微生物修复技术、应用现状与影响因素等进行了系统性的综述。进一步阐明了当前微生物修复石油烃类污染物在基础研究与工程应用中的适用性与局限性,并针对该类微生物修复技术研发提出了相关建议,以期为我国石油烃类污染修复提供理论参考与技术支撑。

In recent years,the petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in China is increasingly serious.As a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly emerging remediation technology,bioremediation has been paid widely attention and applied in the world.Based on various technologies such as biofortification,biostimulation,microbial immobilization and genetic engineering,the remediation technology,influencing factors and application during microbial remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants were systematically reviewed in the paper.Furthermore,the applicability and limitations of current microbial remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in basic studies and applications were also clarified.Finally,some suggestions about research and development of these microbial remediation technologies were proposed,aiming to provide theoretical references and technical supports for the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in China.