亚欧典型城市生活垃圾分类体系及产生量演变分析

Analysis on the Classification System and the Evolution of Municipal Solid Waste Generation in Selected Asian and European Cities

目前中国环保事业的发展处于初级阶段,尚未形成一套完善且成熟的垃圾分类模式,面对城市生活垃圾产生量日益增多,建立可持续发展的城市环境和资源循环型社会迫在眉睫。深入探究中国、日本和德国的垃圾分类收集体系,对国内外9个典型城市的生活垃圾产生量演变趋势进行研究。主要结论如下:日本、德国在生活垃圾分类方面已达到世界领先水平,对生活垃圾的分类已经趋于细化;东京、京都、柏林、汉堡、慕尼黑和新加坡的生活垃圾产生总量逐渐稳定甚至出现下降趋势,而香港、上海和北京的生活垃圾产生量呈显著增加的趋势。

At present,the development of environmental protection in China is in its initial stage,and a complete and mature waste classification model has not yet been formed.In the face of the increasing generation of Municipal Solid Waste(MSW),it is urgent to establish a sustainable urban environment and resource-recycling society.This paper studies the waste classification and collection system in China,Japan and Germany in depth,and the trend of MSW generation in 9 selected cities at home and abroad.The main conclusions are as follows:Japan and Germany have reached the world's leading level in the classification of MSW,and the classification of MSW has become more detailed;The total MSW generation in Tokyo,Kyoto,Berlin,Hamburg,Munich and Singapore gradually stabilized and even showed a decreasing trend,while the total MSW generation in Shanghai and Beijing show a significant growth trend.