69例视网膜动脉阻塞患者临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of 69 patients with retinal artery occlusion

目的观察视网膜动脉阻塞患者的临床特征。方法回顾分析临床检查确诊的69例视网膜动脉阻塞患的一般情况,伴发的全身基础疾病情况,5年内发生心脑血管事件情况,颈动脉彩超及血脂结果,影像学检查结果,视力预后。结果有全身基础疾病的视网膜动脉阻塞患者55例,其中高血压最常见。26例患者5年内发生心脑血管事件。颈动脉彩超提示颈动脉内-中膜增厚伴多发斑块或狭窄。血脂升高者44例。头颅CT或MRI提示有脑梗塞者36例。治疗后视力提高者8例。结论视网膜动脉阻塞大都视力预后差,高血压是其最常见的全身基础病,颈动脉斑块、颈动脉狭窄及血脂升高是常见危险因素。此外,患者还可能出现不同程度的心脑血管事件。

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of patients with retinal artery occlusion.Methods The general situation of 69 cases of retinal artery occlusion diagnosed by clinical examination,the general basic diseases,the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events within 5 years,the results of carotid ultrasound and blood lipid,the results of imaging examination,and the prognosis of visual acuity were analyzed.Results There were 55 cases of retinal artery occlusion with systemic basic diseases,of which hypertension was the most common.The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events occurred in 26 patients within 5 years.The color Doppler ultrasound of carotid artery indicated that the intima-media was thickened with multiple plaques or stenosis.There were 44 cases of hyperlipidemia.CT or MRI showed that 36 cases had cerebral infarction.The visual acuity was improved in 8 cases.Conclusion The prognosis of retinal artery occlusion is poor.Hypertension is the most common systemic disease.Carotid plaque,carotid stenosis and high blood lipid are the common risk factors.In addition,patients may also have different degrees of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.