21个茶树优良单株生化成分分析与特异资源筛选

Biochemical Component Analysis and Specific Resource Selection of 21 Excellent Individual Tea plants

连续3年对筛选的21个优良单株进行主要生化成分分析,结果表明:不同年份间生化成分含量茶多酚、咖啡碱、酚氨比存在显著差异,氨基酸、水浸出物差异不显著;酚氨比与氨基酸含量的变异系数最大。3年水浸出物含量与茶多酚相关系数分别为0.564、0.664和0.761,均呈中度正相关,氨基酸、咖啡碱与水浸出物、茶多酚之间均无显著相关性。对21个优良单株5个生化成分进行聚类,可分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群为适制红茶资源,第Ⅱ类群适制绿茶资源,第Ⅲ类群为红绿茶兼制资源。并从中筛选出高氨基酸特异资源3份(≥5%),高水浸出物特异资源8份(≥40%),高茶多酚特异资源8份(≥25%)。

The main biochemical components of 21 excellent single tea plants were analyzed for three consecutive years.The results showed that there were significant differences in the content of tea polyphenol,caffeine and phenol ammonia ratio in different years,while no significant difference in amino acid and water extract;the coefficient of variation of phenol ammonia ratio and amino acid content was the largest.The correlation coefficients of water extract and tea polyphenol in three years were 0.564,0.664 and 0.761,respectively,showing a moderate positive correlation.The five biochemical components of 21 excellent individual tea plants were clustered,which can be divided into 3 groups.The first group is suitable resources for black tea,the second group is suitable resources for green tea,and the third group is suitable resources for both black and green tea.Three specific resources with high amino acid content(≥5%),eight specific resources with high water extract content(≥40%)and eight specific resources with high tea polyphenol content(≥25%)were screened out.