植物耐盐性相关细胞内pH和离子稳态的调控机制

Salt stress-related regulation mechanism of intracellular pH and ion homeostasis in plants

植物由于自身的特性无法主动逃避不利环境,为应对各种环境变化,植物形成了内环境的稳态调节系统,以保证在不同的非生物或生物胁迫下维持正常的生命活动和生长发育。本文总结了植物细胞内pH、离子稳态的重要性和调控机制,重点叙述了SOS途径、H^+-ATPase和CPA家族等对pH和离子稳态的调控机制,这些调控机制在维持细胞离子稳态和渗透压、调节pH、维持蛋白质活性、输送营养物质、维持膜电位等方面尤为重要。本文拟为以提高植物耐盐性、促进盐胁迫条件下植物生长发育为目的的分子育种提供参考思路。

Because of the characteristics of the plants, they are unable to actively escape from the adverse environment. In order to adapt various environmental conditions, plants have evolved a regulation system for internal environment homeostasis to ensure plant normal life activities and growth and development under different abiotic or biotic stress. In this paper, we summarize the importance and regulatory mechanisms underlying pH and ion homeostasis in plant cells, and emphasis on the regulatory mechanisms underlying pH and ion homeostasis maintenance, including SOS(salt overly sensitive) pathway, H+-ATPase and CPA(cation/proton antiporters) family. These regulatory mechanisms are particularly important on maintaining cell ion homeostasis and osmotic pressure, pH regulation, protein activity, nutrient transport, and maintaining membrane potential, etc. Study on the mechanisms will provide references for molecular breeding which improves plant growth and development under salt stress.