论孟姜女弹词的版本及艺术——以石印本《绘图孟姜女万里寻夫全传》为中心

Study on the Versions and Art of the Tanci about Meng Jiangnv--the Lithographic Drawing Story of Meng Jiangnv in Search of Her Husband Far Away

孟姜女弹词是孟姜女故事流传中不可忽视的传播形态之一,明清以来,国内现存的弹词版本共七个。其中,尤以民国六年(1917)上海文益书局石印本《绘图孟姜女万里寻夫全传》艺术价值最高。从内容来看,《绘图孟姜女万里寻夫全传》塑造了贩夫走卒、小商小贩、仆从杂役、妓女盗贼等市民阶层,形象地勾勒出江南地区社会的浮世众生,拓展了孟姜女传说展现社会的广阔性;从叙事艺术来看,它具有柔美细腻的文辞,增添趣味和幽默的“噱头”,用以拓展情节、提高曲折性的“补书”,牢牢抓住观众的“关子”以及演员“起角色”的表演。

Tanci about Meng Jiangnv is one of the indispensable forms of arts in the spreading of Meng Jiangnv’s story.There are a total of seven versions of the story.It has the highest artistic value of lithographic Drawing Story of Meng Jiangnv in Search of her Husband Far Away by Wenyi Bookstore of Shanghai in the sixth year of Republic of China(1917).The book created many characters such as pawns,hawkers,small retailers,servants,prostitutes and thieves.It vividly outlines the life of brilliant times in Jiangnan,expands the social expansibility shown in Meng Jiangnu’s legend.From the perspective of narrative art,it has a soft and delicate text,a"scratch"that adds fun and humor,a"Bushu"to expand the plot and improve the twists and turns,and firmly grasp the audience’s"Guanzi"and the actor’s"role"performance.