农村妇女参与精准扶贫何以可为?——优势视角下精准扶贫项目的行动研究

How can Rural Women Participate in Targeted Poverty Alleviation--Action Research on Targeted Poverty Alleviation Project from the Perspective of Advantage

精准扶贫中最为关键的三个环节在于:准确识别贫困人口、动员社会力量帮扶贫困人口、采取具体有效的手段使贫困人口脱贫。在农村贫困地区男性劳动力向城镇转移,留守人口结构严重失衡的背景下,本文聚焦农村妇女群体,以社会工作为中介,利用行动研究,从优势视角出发,设计出促进农村留守妇女参与精准扶贫的动力机制(成员资格、对话与合作、抗逆力和赋权),以此来探讨农村妇女参与精准扶贫的可能性。研究发现,优势视角不仅能够促进农村妇女意识觉醒,还有助于形成一套促进农村妇女参与精准扶贫的基本方法。

The three key links of targeted poverty alleviation are how to accurately identify the poor,how to mobilize social forces to help the poor,and what means to effectively lift the poor out of poverty.Under the background of the transfer of male labor force from rural poor areas to urban areas and the serious imbalance of the left behind population structure,this paper focuses on the rural women groups,takes social work as the intermediary,and uses action research to design the driving mechanism(membership,dialogue and cooperation,resilience and empowerment)to promote the participation of rural left behind women in targeted poverty alleviation from the perspective of advantages,so as to explore the possibility of village women’s participation in targeted poverty alleviation.The study found that the advantage perspective can not only promote the awareness of rural women,but also help to form a set of basic methods to promote rural women to participate in targeted poverty alleviation.