幼年特发性关节炎的诊治演变及进展

Evolution and progression of diagnosis and treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

幼年特发性关节炎(JIA)是一种致残致死率较高的慢性结缔组织病,一般表现为16周岁以前的不明原因关节肿胀,症状持续6周以上,且排除其他类疾病的全身性自身免疫性疾病。JIA包括7种疾病类别,每种疾病类别具有不同的临床表现,不同的遗传背景和发病机理。由于病因不明,病机复杂,缺乏特异性特征,尚无具有治愈潜力的可用药物,但由于疾病管理的实质性进展,预后已有很大的改善。随着新诊断的不断完善,为JIA早诊断提供了依据;新生物药物的发现,为JIA治疗提供了治疗的可能。特别是干细胞的移植上,为难治型JIA提供新的希望。

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)is a chronic connective tissue disease with high disability and mortality.It is usually swollen with unexplained joints before the age of 16 years.The symptoms last for more than 6 weeks,and other types are excluded.JIA includes seven disease categories,each with different clinical manifestations,different genetic backgrounds and pathogenesis.Because the cause is unknown,the pathogenesis is complex,and there is no specific feature,there is no cure for the drug available.However,due to the substantial progress of disease management,the prognosis has been greatly improved.The most important thing is the continuous improvement of the new diagnosis,which provides a basis for early diagnosis of JIA;the discovery of new biopharmaceuticals provides the possibility of treatment for JIA treatment.