基于最优导引律的高空滑翔鱼雷弹道设计

Trajectory Design of High-Altitude Gliding Torpedo Based on Optimal Guidance Law

高空滑翔鱼雷在打击潜艇的过程中,采用滑翔增程方式增加攻击范围,能够在潜艇防区外发起攻击,可有效提高载机生存能力。其空中弹道主要包括滑翔增程弹道和雷伞弹道,滑翔增程弹道结束后,需要进行雷翼分离并进入雷伞弹道,故其终端弹道约束相比于一般的空投鱼雷更为复杂。文中针对滑翔弹道终端的位置约束和终端弹道倾角约束,依据最优控制理论,建立高空滑翔鱼雷弹道模型,提出了满足终端弹道倾角约束的最优导引律;根据最优导引律和过载量控制的原理,给出了滑翔翼的积分过载控制方法;最后分别针对比例导引律和最优导引律进行弹道仿真对比。仿真结果表明,采用比例导引律可以满足位置约束(水平控制精度和雷翼分离高度),但无法控制弹道倾角;而采用最优导引律则可在实现水平位置控制精度和雷翼分离高度均满足约束的同时实现对弹道倾角的控制。

In the process of attacking submarines,the high-altitude gliding torpedo can increase the attack range by gliding extended range,and can attack outside the submarine defense area to effectively improve the survivability of carrier aircrafts.The air trajectory of the high-altitude gliding torpedo includes gliding extended range trajectory and parachute trajectory,and at the end of the gliding extended range trajectory,the torpedo will separate from its glider and open the parachute.As a result,the terminal trajectory constraint of the high-altitude gliding torpedo is more complicated than normal airdropped torpedo.To satisfy the terminal position and terminal trajectory inclination angle constraints,a trajectory model of high-altitude gliding torpedo is established based on the optimal control principle,and an optimal guidance law is proposed in this paper.According to the optimal guidance law and the overload control principle,the integral overload control method of the glider is given.The trajectory simulations between the traditional proportional navigation(PN)and the proposed optimal guidance law are compared.The results show that PN can satisfy the position constraint,which contains the horizontal control accuracy and the separation altitude of glider and torpedo,but exerts no control over the trajectory inclination,while the optimal guidance law can satisfy not only the constraints of horizontal control accuracy and separation altitude,but also the constraint of terminal trajectory inclination angle.