含重金属元素污泥混凝土材料防辐射性能影响因素和最佳制备方案探讨

在一些工厂(如电镀厂、冶金厂、化工厂等)产生的废水或废渣中,往往含有超标的重金属元素,如铅、锌、镍、镉等.由于这类重金属元素对常见射线(如β、γ射线)屏蔽的能力较强,故本文将这类工业废渣加入到混凝土中,并制备成防辐射的混凝土材料,通过实验室对该类混凝土样品进行屏蔽检测,最终得出含污泥参量、焙烧温度和焙烧时间对该种混凝土材料放射性屏蔽性能影响较大,并优选出制备对常见γ射线屏蔽效果最好的含污泥混凝土配比.本文探讨的含污泥混凝土不仅可以为需要射线屏蔽的区域提供屏蔽材料,也为解决某些工业废水或废渣对环境污染的问题提供一种解决思路.

In the waste water or slag produced by some factories(such as electroplating factory,metallurgical factory,chemical factory,etc.),it often containing excessive heavy metal elements,such as lead,zinc,nickel,cadmium and so on.Because this kind of heavy metal element has strong ability to shield common rays(such asβ,γrays),in this paper,we added this kind of industrial waste to concrete and make it into radiation proof concrete material,and we conduct shielding test on such concrete samples in the laboratory.Finally,it is concluded that the proportion of sludge,baking temperature and baking time have great influence on the radiation shielding performance of this kind of concrete material,and through analysis,we optimized the best manufacturing conditions of sludge concrete with the best shielding effect on commonγ-ray.In this paper,the sludge concrete,we discussed,can not only provide shielding materials for areas requiring radiation shielding,but also provide a solution to the problem of environmental pollution caused by some industrial wastewater or waste residue.