护理路径对经皮椎管成型下腰椎间盘摘除术患者腰腿功能康复的影响

The effect of nursing path on the rehabilitation of lumbar and leg function in patients with percutaneous Laminoplasty

目的探讨腰椎间盘手术护理路径对经皮椎管成型下腰椎间盘摘除手术患者腰腿功能康复效果。方法选择2018年1月—2019年11月住院进行经皮椎管成型下腰椎间盘摘除手术患者60例,按住院时间先后分为对照组和实验组各30例,对照组患者术后按椎间盘摘除手术给患者进行病情观察、腰腿功能康复锻炼、腰围配戴和康复护理知识宣教等护理;实验组患者在实施对照组护理措施基础上按腰椎间盘手术护理路径对患者进行有计划的康复护理知识宣教,按制定的康复护理路径对患者进行个性化康复活动训练指导。术后1周和出院时分别对患者掌握康复护理训练知识、腰椎功能障碍指数(ODI)、服务满意度进行评价。结果实验组患者在术后首次进行康复训练时间早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0004);掌握康复护理知识得分实验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0023);掌握康复训练活动实验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腰椎功能障碍指数(ODI)实验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理服务满意度实验组高于对照组,结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论椎间盘手术护理路径能促进患者早期进行康复训练,提高患者对腰椎间盘术后康复护理知识和康复训练技能的掌握,降低患者腰椎功能障碍指数,促进术后患者机体功能的康复。

Objective To explore the effect of nursing path of lumbar disc operation on the rehabilitation of lumbar and leg function in patients undergoing percutaneous laminoplasty.Methods From January 2018 to November 2019,60 patients who were hospitalized for percutaneous laminoplasty were divided into the control group and the experimental group with 30 patients in each group according to the length of stay.The patients in the control group were given nursing care including condition observation,waist and leg function rehabilitation exercise,waist circumference wearing and rehabilitation nursing knowledge propaganda and education after the operation.On the basis of the nursing measures of the control group,patients in the experimental group received the planned rehabilitation nursing knowledge education according to the nursing path of lumbar disc operation,and individualized rehabilitation activity training guidance according to the established rehabilitation nursing path.One week after the operation and at the time of discharge,the patients'mastery of rehabilitation nursing training knowledge,lumbar dysfunction index(ODI)and service satisfaction were evaluated.Results The first time of rehabilitation training in the experimental group was earlier than that in the control group,the results were statistically significant(P=0.0004);the score of mastering rehabilitation nursing knowledge in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,the results were statistically significant(P=0.0023);the experimental group of mastering rehabilitation training activities was higher than that in the control group,the results were statistically significant(P<0.05);lumbar dysfunction index ODI in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group,the results were statistically significant(P<0.05);the satisfaction of nursing service in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,the results were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The nursing path of lumbar disc surgery can promote the early rehabilitation training of patients,improve the mastery of postoperative rehabilitation nursing knowledge and rehabilitation training skills of patients,reduce the lumbar dysfunction index of patients,and promote the rehabilitation of patients'body function.