个性化心理护理干预对老年冠心病患者心理状态与生活质量的影响研究

The Effect of Individual Psychological Intervention on the Mental State and Quality of Life of Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

目的探讨个性化心理干预对老年冠心病患者心理状态和生活质量的影响。方法选取我院(2017年3月至2020年1月)收治的104例老年CHD患者,均经临床症状结合辅助检查确诊,根据不同护理分为2组,对照组(n=52)接受常规护理,观察组(n=52)接受个性化心理干预,对比两组患者干预前后心理状态和生活质量。①心理状态:采用焦虑、抑郁自评量表(SAS、SDS)评价,分值20~80分,得分越高表示心理状态越差。②生活质量:采用明尼苏达心力衰竭生活质量调查表(LiHFe)评价,包括4个维度,21个项目,总分0~105分,得分越高生活质量越差。结果观察组干预前后SDS分别为(58.26±10.52)、(42.31±8.75),对照组干预前后SDS分别为(58.35±10.41)、(49.54±7.48);观察组干预前后SAS分别为(58.61±6.80)、(42.91±7.08),对照组干预前后SAS分别为(58.74±6.77)、(48.31±8.75);干预前后两组患者SDS、SAS评分对比差异明显(t=8.4056、4.9560,11.5329、6.7983,P<0.05)。干预后组间比较,观察组显著低于对照组,有统计学差异(t=4.5291、3.4596,P<0.05)。干预后观察组患者的社会限制、症状、情绪、体力限制、总分分别为(6.84±1.35)、(7.64±1.50)、(8.96±1.95)、(13.46±1.58)、(35.56±3.60);对照组分别为(10.14±1.04)、(11.01±1.35)、(13.84±1.51)、(18.96±2.27)、(53.09±4.71),干预后两组患者LiHFe评分对比差异明显(t=13.9640、12.0421、14.2685、14.3401、21.3234,P<0.05)。结论个性化心理干预能够显著改善老年冠心病患者的心理状态,提高患者的生活质量,临床效果满意,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the effect of individualized psychological intervention on the mental state and quality of life of elderly patients with coronary heart disease.Methods 104 elderly CHD patients admitted to our hospital(March 2017-January 2020)were diagnosed by clinical symptoms combined with auxiliary examination.According to different nursing,they were divided into two groups.The control group(n=52)received routine nursing,the observation group(n=52)received personalized psychological intervention,and compared the psychological state and quality of life of the two groups before and after the intervention.(1)Psychological state:self rating anxiety and Depression Scale(SAS,SDS)was used to evaluate the psychological state.The higher the score,the worse the psychological state.(2)Quality of life:using the Minnesota Heart Failure Quality of life questionnaire(lihfe)evaluation,including 4 dimensions,21 items,with a total score of 0-105 points,the higher the score,the worse the quality of life.Results Before and after the intervention,the SDS of the observation group was(58.26±10.52),(42.31±8.75),and that of the control group was(58.35±10.41),(49.54±7.48);before and after the intervention,the SAS of the observation group was(58.61±6.80),(42.91±7.08),and that of the control group was(58.74±6.77),(48.31±8.75);before and after the intervention,the SDS and SAS scores of the two groups were significantly different(t=8.4056,4.9560,11.5329,6.7983,P<0.05).After intervention,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=4.5291,3.4596,P<0.05).After intervention,the social limitation,symptom,emotion,physical limitation and total scores of the patients in the observation group were(6.84±1.35),(7.64±1.50),(8.96±1.95),(13.46±1.58)and(35.56±3.60),respectively,and those in the control group were(10.14±1.04),(11.01±1.35),(13.84±1.51),(18.96±2.27)and(53.09±4.71).After intervention,the lihfe scores of the two groups were significantly different(t=13.9640,12.0421,14.2685,14.3401 and 21.3234,P<0.05).Conclusion Individualized psychological intervention can significantly improve the psychological status of elderly patients with coronary heart disease,improve the quality of life of patients,and the clinical effect is satisfactory,which is worthy of clinical promotion.