承继式累积:新生代农民工的购房型社会融入研究

Inheritance Accumulation:on the Integration of New-generation Migrant Workers into Urban Society through Property Purchase

促进农民工在城市购房是加快农业转移人口市民化的重要抓手,而新生代农民工的城市购房受其早年家庭资源累积的影响。运用生活史研究法,对闽东S村新生代农民工购房过程的研究发现,新生代农民工的住房资源获得方式主要呈现为务工城市购房、家乡城市购房、乡村建房3种类型。新生代农民工城市购房型融入的分化源于承继式累积的差异。一方面,父代家庭初始经济累积的悬殊、子代农民工职业获得的差别、父-子代际接力的资源传递的不同、生命事件的冲击,持续性地影响着新生代农民工的购房型融入能力。另一方面,早年的优势累积在新生代农民工的城市融入过程中得到强化,而不幸事件则冲击了他们的购房型融入。在承继式累积的机制作用下,新生代农民工的购房行为建构了向上流动型的社会融入模式、过渡流动型的社会融入模式、乡-城流动型的社会融入模式。综合、系统地提升新生代农民工的城镇化能力,合理引导新生代农民工正视当前社会融入的分殊,并基于不同融入模式进行差异化支持,乃是推进新型城镇化战略和促进乡村振兴的应有之义。

Urging migrant workers to buy houses in the city is an important way to accelerate the citizenization of the migrant agricultural population,and the house purchase behavior of the new-generation migrant workers is influenced by the accumulation of their family wealth in their early years.Taking life experience approach,this paper studies the house purchase behavior of the new-generation migrant workers in S village and finds that the new-generation migrant workers solve their housing problems mainly in three ways:purchasing houses in the city after working a few years in the city,purchasing houses back in their home town,and building houses in the country.The differentiation of the new-generation migrant workers’integration into the city through house purchase is due to the difference of their inherence accumulation.On the one hand,the disparity of their parental family,the wealth accumulation in their early days,occupational difference of the new-generation migrant workers,difference in wealth inheritance,and the impact of major events in their life have a lasting effect on the new-generation migrant workers’integration ability through house purchase.On the other hand,the advantages accumulated in the early years are strengthened in the integration process,while unfortunate events affect their integration through house purchase.Under the mechanism of inheritance accumulation,the new-generation migrant workers construct the upward mobility model,the transitional mobility model and the rural-urban mobility model.To promote the new-type urbanization strategy and rural revitalization,it is necessary to comprehensively and systematically improve the urbanization capacity of the new-generation migrant workers,to guide them to face up to the differences in current social integration,and to provide differentiated support based on different integration modes.