"公共传播"在中国语境下的知识生产与谱系考察——基于米歇尔·福柯权力-话语理论的演化视角

Knowledge Production and Pedigree Investigation of"Public Communication"in Chinese Context——An Evolutionary Perspective Based on Michel Foucault's Power Discourse Theory

"公共传播"是我国传播学者援引西方传播思想所做出的学术创新,它立足于我国独特的社会主义现代化传播实践,回应了我国全面深化改革创新社会治理方式的时代命题.文章基于米歇尔·福柯权力-话语理论的演化视角,运用知识考古学与谱系学相结合的研究方法,对"公共传播"在我国语境下的知识生产、话语形塑、权力谱系与现实规训进行了系统考察."公共传播"的学术思想可以追溯到18世纪自由主义模式下的欧洲,它的知识构型是以"市民社会"为制度假设的传播生态,以"公共领域"为场域范畴的传播空间,以"交往理性"为内在逻辑的传播观念和以"自由协商"为价值追求的传播意旨.受制于我国改革开放进程中多元化的利益格局与阶层化的社会结构,"公共传播"从欧洲援引到我国,它的话语体系在我国的传播实践中出现了秩序断裂,知识构型也在我国的话语更迭中发生了范式转换."公共传播"的知识生产对我国的现实社会产生了多元维度的"规训",推动我国的社会治理不断走向协同化、生活世界不断走向独立化和媒介素养不断走向批判化.

"Public communication"is an academic innovation made by Chinese communication scholars with the way of citing western communication thoughts.It is based on the unique practice of socialist modernization communication in China and responded to the era proposition of deepening the reform and innovation of social governance system in an all-round way.Based on evolutionary perspective of Michel Foucault's power-discourse theory,this paper has made a systematic study of knowledge production,discourse shaping,power pedigree and practical discipline of"public communication"in the context of our country by using the method of knowledge archaeology and genealogy.The academic thought of"public communication"can be traced back to Europe under the liberal mode in the 18th century.Its knowledge structure is based on the communication ecology assumed by the system of"civil society","public sphere"as the field of communication space,the communication concept of"communicative rationality"as the internal logic and the communication purpose pursued by the value of"free negotiation".Restricted by the diversified interest pattern and hierarchical social structure in the process of China's reform and opening up,"public communication"has been quoted from Europe to China.Its discourse system has broken its sequence in China's communication practice,and its knowledge structure has also changed its paradigm in China's discourse change.The knowledge production of"public communication"has produced the multi-dimensional"discipline"to the real society of our country,which promoted the social governance of our country to be collaborative,the life world to be independent and the media literacy to be critical.