实践哲学的理性之维

The Rational Dimension of Practical Philosophy

实践哲学的理性之维是指不依赖于经验世界的"纯粹理性",它与人类实践、特别是道德实践和政治实践须臾不可分离。休谟关于从"事实判断"不能推出"价值判断"的观点是正确的,因为尽管某些事实与价值相互缠结,但价值判断的根据不是来自经验事实,而恰恰是来自人的纯粹理性。人们的道德实践和政治实践所遵循的规范或法则,也不是直接来自经验世界,而是出自人们对"自由"的理性设定。马克思从人的生命活动的本质出发确定人的自由本质,从而也是从"自由"这个前提出发,展开对资本主义生产方式的批判性研究。实践哲学的理性之维体现着人类改变世界的创造力,同时也体现着人类为自身道德实践和政治实践"立法"的能力。

The rational dimension of practical philosophy refers to "pure rationality" that does not depend on the experience world and cannot be separated for a moment from human practice, especially moral practice and political practice. Hume’s view that "value judgment" cannot be derived from "fact judgment" is correct,because value judgment is not based on empirical facts, but precisely on the pure rationality of human beings,although some facts and values are intertwined. Moreover, the norms or laws in people’s moral and political practice do not come directly from the world of experience, but are from people’s rational setting of "freedom".Marx determined the nature of human freedom from the nature of human life activities, and thus carried out a critical study of capitalist mode of production from the premise of "freedom". The rational dimension of practical philosophy embodies human beings’ creativity to change the world, and also their ability to "legislate"for their own moral practice and political practice.