唐太宗的西晋文学情结与唐代文学的“祖宗之法”

Tang Taizong's Obsession with Western Jin Literature And "Ancestral Laws"of Tang Literature

唐太宗李世民御撰《晋书·陆机传论》,是他晚年对陆机的定论,其论反映的西晋文学情结,不仅关乎他个人的文学趣味,而且在当时的文学观念语境与历史背景中也顺理成章。一者,隋唐政权与十六国北朝一脉相承,对于正统性的根源认同,自然偏向推崇西晋。二者,中古隋唐时期,唯美的、贵游的文学正统趣味,客观上正是以陆机为主要典范的。三者,作为三百年王业的创始之主,唐太宗的文学趣味、文学修为,可称为唐代文学"祖宗之法"。从文学史长时段的角度观察,明人有关唐太宗文学趣味与唐代文学价值取向之间具有特定关系的论断,言之成理,值得重视。

Li Shimin, the emperor Taizong of the Tang dynasty, demonstrated a complex with Western Jin literature in his writing of On The Biography of Lu Ji, a book included in Jinshu, and this complex has been regarded as the ultimate conclusion of the emperor. His obsession is related to his personal literary taste, and is also logical in the specific context of literature conception and historical background at that time. First, the governments of Sui-Tang were the direct inheritors of Sixteen Kingdoms and Northern dynasties, and therefore identified with their legitimacy and naturally respected Western Jin. Second, during the Sui-Tang dynasties,Lu Ji was in fact the main exponent of orthodox literary tastes which embraced aestheticism and "Gui You"(a literary style, in which literary figures often accompanied emperors and produced literary works to pay tribute to the emperors and other social elites). Third, as the founder of a dynasty lasting for 300 years, Tang Taizong’s literary tastes and literary cultivation should be understood as the "Ancestral Laws" of Tang literature. From the perspective of literary history with a long period, the existence of a particular relationship between Tang Taizong’s literary tastes and the value orientation of Tang literature, as observed by people from the Ming Dynasty, is undoubtedly reasonable and deserves more attention.