黑龙江小兴安岭白枕鹤繁殖栖息地监测研究

Monitoring of Breeding Habitat of White-naped Crane in Xiaoxing'an Mountains,Helongjiang province

白枕鹤(Grus vipio)属鹤形目鹤科鸟类,是中国国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物,被IUCN列为易危物种。2007年至2019年4-7月采用高倍望远镜对黑龙江大沾河湿地国家级自然保护区的白枕鹤及其繁殖巢进行了调查及监测。共记录到26个白枕鹤繁殖巢址以及白枕鹤个体239只次,确定了黑龙江大沾河湿地国家级自然保护区及其周边区域是白枕鹤的重要繁殖分布地;调查发现该区域繁殖的白枕鹤倾向于在森林沼泽边缘的苔草沼泽中筑巢,白枕鹤的繁殖栖息地有多型化现象。讨论分析了白枕鹤繁殖地特征及其出现多型化的原因,并提出白枕鹤的保护建议。

White-naped Crane(Grus vipio)belongs to the Gruiformes,Cruidae.It is China's nationalⅡclass protected wildlife,and listed as a vulnerable species by IUCN.White-naped Crane and its breeding nests in Dazhanhe river wetland national nature reserve in Heilongjiang Province were investigated and monitored with high power telescope during April to Julyfrom 2007 to 2019.A total of 26 breeding sites and 239 White-naped Cranes were recorded,and it was confirmed that the Dazhenhe river wetland national nature reserve and its surrounding areas were important breeding habitat of the White-naped Crane.It was found that the breeding cranes in this area tended to nest in the mossy marshes at the edge of the forest swamp,and there was a phenomenon of using diversified habitats for the White-naped Crane.This paper discusses and analyzes the characteristics of this breeding area and the reasons for the phenomenon,and puts forward suggestions for the protection of White-naped Crane.