页岩油地质评价实验测试技术研究进展

Research Progress on Experimental Technologies of Shale Oil Geological Evaluation

页岩油实验测试分析在页岩油地质评价中发挥着重要作用,目前页岩油储层矿物组成、有机质类型、丰度、物性以及岩石脆性等诸多方面的评价参数均需要通过实验测试来获取。本文评述了页岩油储层评价中烃源岩特性、储层储集性、含油性、可动性及可压性等各项实验测试技术研究现状和趋势,重点阐述了各项实验测试技术的目的及方法。页岩油烃源岩特性要综合有机质类型,丰度,成熟度,生物标志化合物,主量、微量和稀土元素等进行全面准确的评价;储集性与页岩矿物组成、孔隙、裂缝等储集空间分布特征密切相关,结合页岩含油饱和度、页岩油黏度、密度等评价页岩含油性和可动性;页岩可压性评价需综合考虑页岩的矿物组成、岩石力学特征参数等因素。同时探讨了页岩油储层地质评价实验测试技术未来发展方向,指出多种方法联合表征页岩油储层储集空间分布特征、不同赋存状态页岩油的分布特征、天然裂缝发育分析等是页岩油储层地质评价技术的关键攻关方向。

BACKGROUND:Experimental technologies played an important role in shale oil geological evaluation.The evaluation parameters such as mineral composition,organic matter type,organic matter content,properties and brittleness in shale oil reservoir were obtained by these technologies.OBJECTIVES:To find the appropriate experimental methods for shale oil geological evaluation.METHODS:The research status and trends of various experimental technologies for determination of parameters in shale oil reservoir evaluation,including characteristics of hydrocarbon source rocks,reservoir property,oiliness,movability and compressibility were reviewed.Purpose and method of the experimental testing technologies were focused.RESULTS:Evaluation of the characteristics of hydrocarbon source rock should combine the parameters of organic matter type,organic carbon contents,organic maturity,biomarkers,major elements,trace elements and rare earth elements.The mineral composition and distributions of pores and fractures should be considered in reservoir evaluation.And the oil saturation,viscosity,density of shale oil should also be integrated in the evaluation of the oiliness and movability of shale oil reservoir.Evaluation of shale compressibility required comprehensive consideration of shale mineral composition,and rock mechanical characteristics.CONCLUSIONS:The future development direction of shale oil reservoir geological evaluation experimental technology is discussed.It is pointed out that multiple methods to characterize the spatial distribution characteristics of shale oil reservoir,the distribution characteristics of shale oil in different occurrences,and the analysis of natural fracture development,are the key research direction of shale oil reservoir geological evaluation technology.