论清代台湾厉坛的祭祀

On the Sacrifice of Altars of the Lonely Souls in Qing Dynasty

清代台湾各地方层级皆依制度设立郡、邑厉坛,每年祭祀三次,需迎请城隍神主祭,七月十五日的祭祀因与中元普度相融合,故场面最为盛大,甚至演变成热闹的城隍绕境,形成一种官民共享的活动。祭厉仪式的举行时段与祭品形式皆与其他祀典不同,表现出神、鬼的区隔观念。此一祭祀虽是例行公事,但仍有官员会因应地方实际需要,以此来抚慰孤魂、安定民心及倡导观念,发挥宗教与地方治理的作用。

In the Qing Dynasty,all the local levels in Taiwan set up altars of the lonely souls of counties and province.They offered sacrifices three times a year.The main sacrifice of the city god was required.The sacrifice on July15 th was merged with the Purdue activities of the ghost festival,so the scene was the most magnificent and even evolved into a lively city god inspection tour,an activity shared by the government and people.The period of the ritual ceremony and the form of sacrifice are different from other rituals,showing the concept of separation between gods and ghosts.Although this sacrifice was a routine business,there were still officials who,responding to the actual needs of the local area,soothed the lonely souls,calmed the people,and advocated ideas,playing the role of religion and local governance.