基于德尔菲法构建我国临床药师知识体系标准

Establishment of knowledge system standard for clinical pharmacists in China Based on Delphi Method

目的:建立临床药师知识体系标准,为临床药师的培养和评估提供依据。方法:通过文献查阅,梳理出若干一级指标和二级指标;依据按Likert5级评分法设计咨询问卷;运用德尔菲法对35名专家进行两轮问卷咨询。结果:建立了包含5个一级指标,33个二级指标的临床药师知识体系标准。两轮咨询中,专家咨询积极系数分别为100%和92.9%,专家权威系数分别为0.9043和0.9077,专家协调系数分别为0.268和0.565。结论:专业核心知识是临床药师最应具备的知识,是临床药师培养的重中之重;临床药师的知识结构要由“以化学知识为主”转变为“以医学知识为主”;临床药师自身需要注重知识的再生,并树立终身学习的理念。本研究专家积极性和权威程度高,意见协调程度好,建立的知识体系标准能够对临床药师的培养与评估提供依据。

OBJECTIVE To establish a knowledge system standard for clinical pharmacists,and to provide a reference for the training and evaluation of clinical pharmacists.METHODS Several first-level indicators and second-level indicators were sorted out through literature review;the consultation questionnaire was designed according to the Likert 5-level scoring method;35 experts from Delphi were used for two rounds of questionnaire consultation.RESULTS The knowledge system standard of clinical pharmacists was established which includes 5 first-level indicators and 33 second-level indicators.In the two rounds of consultation,the positive coefficient of expert was 100%and92.9%respectively,and the authoritative coefficient of experts was 0.9043 and 0.9077 respectively;the coordination coefficients of experts was 0.268 and 0.565 respectively.CONCLUSION The core professional knowledge is the most necessary knowledge for clinical pharmacists,and is the most important part in the training of clinical pharmacists;The knowledge structure of clinical pharmacists should transform from chemical-based knowledge to medical-based knowledge;Clinical pharmacists need to renew the knowledge and establish the concept of lifelong learning.The experts involved in this study are highly motivated and authoritative,and have a good coordination of their opinions.The established knowledge system standards can provide a reference for the training and evaluation of clinical pharmacists.