数字普惠金融促进居民就业吗——来自中国家庭跟踪调查的证据

Does Digital Inclusive Finance Promote Employment?——Evidence from a Follow-up Investigation on Chinese Families

利用中国数字普惠金融指数和中国家庭跟踪调查数据,使用固定效应和工具变量模型,实证检验数字普惠金融对居民就业收入的影响,结果表明,数字普惠金融的发展显著促进了居民的就业,增加了工作收入;数字普惠金融的覆盖广度和使用深度对居民就业和收入有显著促进作用,但是数字普惠金融的便利性和成本的影响相对较小;数字普惠金融的就业促进作用主要体现为非农就业和私企就业规模的扩大;数字普惠金融对女性、低教育程度等传统就业弱势群体的正面影响更大,对城市地区和中西部地区居民的就业促进作用也更大。因此,建议政府进一步增强数字金融的覆盖广度和使用深度,同时在农村地区进一步完善移动互联网等数字金融基础设施建设,推广多样化的金融产品服务。

This study uses data from the China Digital Inclusive Financial Index and Chinese household tracking survey and adopts fixed effects and instrument variable models to empirically test the impact of digital finance on residents’employment and income.The results show that the development of digital inclusive finance has significantly promoted the employment of residents and increased their income.The coverage and depth of digital inclusive finance,low-cost and convenient,have a significant effect on driving both the employment rate and income.The employment promotion effect of digital inclusive finance is mainly reflected in non-agricultural employment and the expansion of private enterprise employment;digital inclusive finance has a greater positive impact on traditionally disadvantaged groups such as women and those with low education levels,while also benefiting the employment promotion effect of residents in urban areas and central and western regions more significantly.Therefore,it is recommended that the government further increase the coverage and depth of digital finance,improve the construction of digital financial infrastructure such as mobile Internet in rural areas,and promote more diversity in financial product services.