罗山县2010-2019年发热伴血小板综合征流行特征分析

Analysis of epidemic characteristics of fever with platelet syndrome in Luoshan county from 2010 to 2019

目的分析发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)监测结果及其流行病学特征,指导相关防控工作。方法采用描述流行病学方法对罗山县2010—2019年SFTS监测资料进行分析。利用Excel 2007软件绘制SFTS病例乡镇分布图,各种率差异的比较使用χ2检验。结果2010—2019年罗山县共报告377例SFTS,累计发病率7.18/10万;死亡1例,病死率为0.27%;病例一般为散发,发生聚集性疫情1起。采集377份SFTS病例标本,实验室对其中261份病人急性期血清标本经发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒(SFTSV)核酸检测,新型布尼亚病毒阳性为145例(55.56%),其中30~39岁最高为75%,不同年龄组病例检测阳性率差异没有统计学差异(χ^2=7.244,P=0.203);阴性116例。全县19个乡镇均有病例报告;4~9月为该病流行季,5~7月为疫情高峰期;病例职业主要为农民(96.82%);发病年龄集中在40~79岁,占病例总数的90.45%;男性150例,女性227例,男女性别比为1∶1.51,女性累计发病率为4.32/10万,高于男性的2.86/10万。结论罗山县自2010年以来报告发病数逐年上升,2016年到高峰,随后呈下降趋势。发病存在明显的地区差异和季节性,人群普遍易感,农村中老年女性高发。

Objective Summary analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)in 2010—2019 monitoring results and its epidemiological characteristics,To guide future prevention and control work.Methods The SFTS monitoring data from 2010 to 2019 in luoshan county were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method.Excel 2007 was used to map the regional distribution of SFTS.The chi-square test was used to analyze the difference of rates.Results A total of 377 cases of SFTS were reported in luoshan county from 2010 to 2019,with a cumulative incidence of 7.18/100,000;One case died,with a case fatality rate of 0.27%;There was 1 case of aggregation.From 2010 to 2019,a total of 377 SFTS specimens were collected,among which 261 acute phase serum samples were tested by nucleic acid of fever associated with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV).Among them,145(55.56%)patients were positive for the new type of bunia virus,with the highest positive rate of 75%between 30 and 39 years old.There was no statistical difference in the positive rate among different age groups(χ^2=7.244,P=0.203).116 cases of negative.Cases have been reported in 19 townships in the county.April-september is the epidemic season,and may-july is the peak.Most of the cases were from farmers(96.82%).The age of onset was between 40 and 79 years,accounting for 90.45%of the total cases.There were 150 males and 227 females.The sex ratio is 1∶1.51.The cumulative incidence of 4.32/100,000,female than for male of 2.86/100,000.Conclusion The number of reported cases in luoshan county has been increasing year by year since 2010,reaching the peak in 2016 and then decreasing.There are significant regional differences and seasonality in the incidence,people generally are prone to infection.Middle-aged and elderly women in rural areas have a high incidence.