1982-2012年中国7~17岁儿童体格发育变化趋势分析

Analysis on the trend of physical development of children aged 7-17 years old in China from 1982 to 2012

根据1982、1992、2002和2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况调查7~17岁儿童的体格测量数据,1982—2012年7~17岁儿童身高和体重持续增长。城市男生、城市女生、农村男生、农村女生的身高分别为118.8~171.1、117.8~159.9、113.3~168.2、111.7~158.1 cm,体重分别为21.3~61.4、20.2~53.1、19.4~57.9、19.0~51.5 kg;城市儿童的身高和体重高于农村,除青春期外,男生的身高和体重均高于女生。与1982年相比,2012年城市男生、城市女生、农村男生、农村女生的身高平均增幅分别为8.8、6.2、12.9、10.8 cm,体重平均增幅分别为9.9、6.2、9.8、7.6 kg;城市儿童的身高和体重增幅小于农村,城乡差异缩小;男生的增幅大于女生,性别差异扩大。

Data of physical measurement of children aged 7-17 years old in China was from National Nutrition and Health Survey in 1982,1992,2002 and 2010-2012.From 1982 to 2012,the height and weight of children aged 7-17 years old continued to increase.The height of urban boys,urban girls,rural boys and rural girls ranged from 118.8 to 171.1,117.8 to 159.9,113.3 to 168.2 and 111.7 to 158.1 cm,and weight ranged from 21.3 to 61.4,20.2 to 53.1,19.4 to 57.9,and 19.0 to 51.5 kg,respectively.The height and weight of urban children were larger than those of rural children.The height and weight of boys were larger than those of girls,except for adolescents.From 1982 to 2012,the height increment of urban boys,urban girls,rural boys and rural girls was 8.8,6.2,12.9 and 10.8 cm,and weight increment was 9.9,6.2,9.8 and 7.6 kg,respectively.The increment of urban children was smaller than that of rural children,which implied that the disparity between urban and rural was shrinking.The increment of boys was larger than that of girls,which implied that the gender disparity was increasing.