我国商业银行绿色信贷的法律进路

The Legal Approach of Green Credit for Commercial Banks in China

赤道原则与美国《综合环境反应、赔偿和责任法案》(CERCLA)形成了两套逻辑迥异的商业银行绿色信贷法律进路。但赤道原则软法约束不足以及CERCLA过于严苛的连带责任均无法满足本土需求。目前我国商业银行绿色信贷是由政策推动的,已经体现出正(激励)、负(惩罚)效价激励的设计理念。未来应延续政策主导理念,优先在负效价规则层面引入CERCLA"潜在责任人"认定及抗辩标准,当积累足够执法经验后,再修法确定商业银行环境污染侵权责任,如此两步走策略可减少该制度引发的负面效果。

The Equator Principles and the Comprehensive Environmental Response,Compensation and Liability Act(CERCLA)form two different logically approaches to commercial banks’green loan.However,the soft law constraints of the Equator Principles and CERCLA’s excessively stringent joint responsibilities are currently unable to meet our needs.At present,China’s green loan is driven by policies,and it has reflected the design concept of positive and negative value incentives.In the future,the policy-led approach should be continued,the Potentially Responsible Parties identification and defense standards should be introduced at the negative value rule.After accumulating enough law enforcement experience,the tort liability of a commercial bank was established by amending the law.Such a two-step strategy can reduce the negative effects.