棉花纤维细胞起始及温度、植物生长物质对其影响

Initiation of Cotton Fiber Cells and the Effects of Temperature and Plant Growth Substances on It

利用扫描电镜研究了陆地棉（GossypiumhirsutumL．）品种中棉所12号胚珠表面纤维细胞起始的过程。观察到最早在开花前5d纤维细胞即已起始，比前人报道早5d；也注意到起始的纤维细胞相对集中分布于胚珠的珠柄附近等部位，并且在开花前未见伸长。温度对纤维细胞起始的时间和数目有明显的影响，25～30℃是纤维细胞起始的适宜温度；开花前6d的胚珠只在添加NAA5μmol·L-1和GA35．7μmol·L-1的培养基中形成了纤维，表明棉纤维原始细胞的起始和进一步发育需要适当的激素条件。还讨论了通过调节纤维细胞分化、起始来增加纤维数目和提高纤维长度整齐度的潜力。

The initiation of fiber cells on the cotton(Gosspium hirsutum L. cv. Zhongmiansuo-12) ovules was observed with scanning electron microscopy. It had been observed that fiber initlatlon occurred as early as 5 days preanthesis, 5 days earlier than that predecessors reported. It had also been observed that inltlated fiber cells relatively concentrated on some parts of ovule, e. g. the plot near the funiculus and along the long axls of the funiculus, but it had not been observed that initiated fiber cells elongated before anthesis. As for the effects of temperature and plant growth substances on the initiation of cotton fiber cells, the results showed that the time and the number of fiber initials were significantly influenced by temperature. For the initiation of fiber cells, 25～30℃ is the optimum temperature range.Fibers can be formed from 6-days-preanthesis cotton ovules which cultured in the medium contained NAA 5 μmol·L-1 and GA3 5. 7 μmol·L-1, indicating that the initiation and the further development of prefiber cells demands appropriate phytohormonal condition. It was also discussed to regulate the differentiation and initiation of cotton fiber cells in order to enhance the number of fibers per seed and the degree of fiber lengths consistency.