桂林某高校校园常见下垫面夏季热环境效应的研究

Study on the thermal environmental effects of four common underlying surfaces in a university campus in guilin in summer

为改善桂林地区高校的热环境,探讨缓解校园热环境的方法,选择桂林某高校水泥地、草坪、灌木丛和湖泊等4种常见的校园下垫面为研究对象。对下垫面及周围建筑表面温度、空气温度、空气相对湿度、风速等进行了为期1个月的测试。结果如下:(1)水泥地对热环境的影响最大,灌木丛、草坪、湖泊对热环境有改善作用,且湖泊对热环境的改善作用更为明显;(2)水泥地、草坪、灌木丛对下垫面上方空气有一定的加热作用,湖泊对周围空气具有降温的作用;(3)当周围空气最大风速不超过2 m/s时,下垫面温度和风速无明显联系,因此在最大风速小于2 m/s时可近似忽略风对热环境的影响;(4)空气湿度具有调节热环境的作用,湿度越高对下垫面升温的抑制作用越大;(5)灌木丛和湖泊比草坪和水泥地更有利于提升人体的热舒适度,可通过增加灌木丛和湖泊的面积提升人体的热舒适度。结合研究成果,为桂林地区改善校园内热环境提出了可行性的建议。研究结果可为桂林地区建设舒适的高校生态环境及相关的科学研究提供参考。

In order to improve the thermal environment of colleges and universities in guilin and to explore the methods to relieve the thermal environment on campus,four common underside surfaces of campus,such as cement floor,lawn,bush and lake,were selected as the research object.The surface temperature,air temperature,relative humidity and wind speed of the underlying surface and surrounding buildings were tested for one month.The results are as follows:(1)Cement ground has the greatest influence on the thermal environment,while bushes,lawns and lakes have the effect of improving the thermal environment,and the lake has a more obvious effect on the thermal environment.(2)The cement ground,lawn and bushes have a certain heating effect on the air above the underlying surface,and the lake has a cooling effect on the surrounding air.(3)When the maximum wind speed of the surrounding air does not exceed 2 m/s,there is no obvious relationship between the underlying surface temperature and wind speed.Therefore,the influence of wind on the thermal environment can be approximately ignored when the maximum wind speed is less than 2 m/s.(4)Air humidity plays a role in regulating the thermal environment.The higher the humidity is,the greater the inhibitory effect on the temperature rise of the underlying surface will be.(5)Bushes and lakes are more conducive to improving the thermal comfort of human body than lawns and cement floors,which can be improved by increasing the area of bushes and lakes.Combined with the research results,some feasible Suggestions are put forward for improving the thermal environment of campus in guilin.The research results can provide reference for the construction of comfortable ecological environment and related scientific research in guilin area.