小国研究视域下太平洋岛国的外交策略

The Diplomatic Strategies of the Pacific Island Countries under the Perspective of Small States Studies

学界对小国的外交策略已经有了较多研究,但对太平洋岛国外交策略的研究仍然相对缺乏。本文首先考察太平洋岛国的特殊性,认为"小岛国、大海洋"构成了太平洋岛国的基本特点。通过对太平洋岛国地区组织内部改革与机制竞争、地区渔业合作和气候政治三个案例进行考察,本文研究了太平洋岛国如何充分利用主权,规避劣势、发挥优势,走地区联合之路,通过"数量优势牌"、"海洋权利牌"和"多层制度牌"三种具体策略实现利益最大化。由此,太平洋岛国的外交策略既体现了小国外交的一般性,又体现了太平洋岛国地区的特殊性。

There has been much research on the diplomatic strategies of small states,but still little on that of the Pacific Island Countries( PICs). This paper starts by investigating the particularity of PICs and concludes that "small islands,big ocean "constitutes the basic characteristics of the PICs. By the three case studies on the internal reform and institutional competition within Pacific Islands regional organizations,regional fishery cooperation and climate politics,this paper studies how the PICs avoid the weakness while take the advantages,maximize their interests through three specific diplomatic strategies,which are "number advantage card","maritime rights card "and "multi-layered regimes card"Thus,the PICs’ diplomatic strategies reflect not only the generality of small states diplomacy,but also the particularity of the Pacific Islands Region.