有机物料还田对黑土有机碳及其组分的影响

Effect of organic materials returning on soil organic carbon concentration and soil organic carbon fractions in the black soil area

土地长期处于过度开垦状态,农药、化肥大量施用,使土壤肥力下降,有机碳含量下降,作物产量降低。通过两组试验,一组是有机肥,另一组是秸秆全量还田,两组均以单施化肥处理(CK)为对照,三年试验结果表明,秸秆还田和施用有机肥增加土壤总有机碳含量;有机肥和秸秆还田处理下土壤轻组有机碳含量高于单施化肥处理的对照组,增幅为2.4%~22.6%;相关性分析表明,土壤轻组有机碳增加有助于提高玉米产量;有机肥和秸秆还田可提高作物产量,秸秆还田增产5.8%~7.2%,有机肥还田增产7.0%~13.3%。

Because the land is in the state of overreclamation for a long time, the extensive application of chemical manure makes the soil manure decrease, the organic carbon content decreases,and the crop yield decreases. Through two groups of experiments, one group was organic fertilizer and the other group was straw returned to the field, the treated with chemical fertilizer(CK) was compared between the two groups. The results of the three-year experiment were as the followings: compared with CK, straw returning to the field and the application of organic manure increased SOC content;Compared with CK, organic manure returning and straw returning significantly increased light fraction organic carbon between 8.5% and 16.6%;relevance analysis showed that maize yield could increased by increasing light fraction organic carbon content;Organic manure returning and straw returning to can effectively increase crop yield, straw returning could increase the yield between 5.8% and 7.2%, and organic manure returning can increase the yield between 7.0% and 13.3%.