阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者体质量指数变化及其与疾病严重程度相关性研究

Changes of body mass index in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and its correlation with disease severity

目的:研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者体质量指数变化及其与疾病严重程度相关性。方法:选择接受检测的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者91例,根据其体质量指数(BMI)将其分为两组,BMI≥24 kg/m^2为肥胖组(n=48),BMI<24 kg/m^2为正常组(n=43),两组均使用睡眠呼吸监测进行监测。统计两组患者病情轻度、中度及重度所占比例;比较两组患者呼吸暂停次数、低通气次数、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)及BMI;比较两组患者氧饱和度以及睡眠结构。并对患者BMI与其病情严重程度进行相关性分析。结果:肥胖组中/重度患者占比明显高于正常组中/重度患者,且肥胖组呼吸暂停次数、低通气次数、AHI及BMI均明显高于正常组患者,两组比较差异具有统计学差异(P<0.05);肥胖组最低血氧饱和度及平均血氧饱和度均明显低于正常组患者,低于90%的血氧占整夜睡眠的百分比则明显高于正常组患者(P<0.05);两组S1期比较则差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但肥胖组非快速动眼睡眠期明显延长,而S2期、S3+S4期及快速动眼睡眠期较正常组明显缩短(P<0.05)。经Spearman秩相关分析,患者BMI指数与病情严重程度呈正相关(r=0.375,P<0.05)。结论:阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者体质量指数与其病情严重程度呈正相关,随着患者体重的增加其病情也随之加重,可见减轻体重对降低AHI具有重要的临床意义。

Objective:To study the changes of body mass index in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and its correlation with disease severity.Methods:91 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were divided into two groups according to their BMI:obese group(n=48)with BMI≥24 kg/m^2 and normal group(n=43)with BMI<24 kg/m^2.The proportion of mild,moderate and severe disease in the two groups was calculated.The number of apnea,the number of hypopnea,AHI and BMI were compared between the two groups.Oxygen saturation and sleep structure were compared between the two groups.The correlation between BMI and the severity of the disease was analyzed.Results:The proportion of moderate/severe patients in the obese group was significantly higher than that in the normal group,and the number of apnea,the number of hypopnea,AHI and BMI in the obese group were significantly higher than that in the normal group,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The lowest blood oxygen saturation and average blood oxygen saturation in the obesity group were significantly lower than those in the normal group,and the percentage of blood oxygen below 90%in the overnight sleep was significantly higher than that in the normal group(P<0.05).There was no difference in phase S 1 between the two groups(P>0.05).However,the non-REM sleep period was significantly prolonged in the obesity group,while S 2,S 3+S 4 and REM sleep period were significantly shorter than those in the normal group(P<0.05).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that BMI was positively correlated with disease severity(r=0.375,P<0.05).Conclusion:The BMI of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome was positively correlated with the severity of the disease,and the disease was aggravated with the increase of patients’weight.