“不加班不成活”:互联网知识劳工的劳动体制

“Working Overtime is Life”:Labor Ecology of Internet Knowledge Workers

与工业时代的劳工相比,信息时代的互联网知识劳工及其劳动体制发生了重要变化。对互联网UI设计师的调查表明,知识劳工的常态化加班机制,是互联网产业的金融化、知识技术的迭代化和工作的弹性化的结果,体现为资本的隐蔽劳动控制与劳工的有限自主性的互构。互联网企业经由项目制、弹性工作制度、绩效考核与组织文化,形塑知识劳工对加班的自愿性服从,从而掩蔽了劳动过程的控制与剥削。在这一过程中,劳工尽管可以作出主动学习、跳槽、转行等应对策略,但总体而言,这样的自主性是有限制的知识劳工的自主性。因此,应该重申互联网时代对知识劳工的劳动体制的反思,以人的发展为中心构建一个共建共享的劳动体制。

Compared with labor in the industrial age,the internet knowledge workers and their labor ecology in the information age have undergone important changes.Through a survey of internet UI designers,the normalized overtime mechanism of knowledge labor is the result of the financialization of the internet industry,the iteration of knowledge technology and the flexibility of work,which is reflected in the hidden labor control and labor of capital mutual autonomy of limited autonomy.Internet companies shape the voluntary obedience of knowledge workers to overtime through project systems,flexible work systems,performance assessments,and organizational culture,thereby masking the control and exploitation of the labor process.In this process,although workers can have coping strategies such as active learning,job hopping,and career change,on the whole,such autonomy is the autonomy of limited knowledge workers.Therefore,we should reiterate the reflection on the labor system of knowledge workers in the internet era,and consider building a co-constructed and shared labor system centered on human development.