Lewis血型抗原研究进展

Research progress in Lewis blood group antigen

Lewis抗原是红细胞膜外糖链抗原,是一个较为常见的血型抗原。1998年由ISBT确认为系统抗原,系统命名为Le,系统编号007,到2019年确认该系统有6个抗原。Le系统抗原是Ⅰ型糖链抗原,另外有一组与之相关的Ⅱ型的Le抗原,不属于本文介绍的Le血型系统抗原。本文就目前国内外对Le抗原的一些研究和报道,尤其在抗原的基因、合成及分子结构等方面的研究进展做一简要综述。

Lewis antigen is a type II glycoconjugate antigen synthesized by an enzyme encoding transcription of FUT3 gene.Lea and Leb antigens are not products of dual genes,but the result of competition between Le and Se(enzymes responsible for synthesizing H antigens).Because of the competition between Le and Se enzymes,different Lea and Leb phenotypes were produced.The site where Le antigen is synthesized by Le enzyme is on the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.Le antigen is a membrane differentiation antigen CD174 and a histocompatibility antigen.It is important for the survival rate of organ transplantation in organ transplantation.Anti-Le is a lymphocytotoxic antibody,which participates in human immune mechanism.The precursor of Le antigen is a highly sialified glycoprotein,CA199,a cancer glycogen,which is highly related to pancreatic cancer,gastric cancer and colorectal cancer.