金融创新对商业银行经营效率的影响研究

Impact of Financial Innovation on Operational Efficiency of Commercial Banks

以2007—2017年的商业银行数据为基础,应用超效率SBM模型和GML指数对商业银行经营效率进行测度与分析,并探讨金融创新对商业银行经营效率的影响。结果表明:(1)16家商业银行的整体经营效率呈现上升趋势,国有银行的经营效率远低于股份制银行的经营效率;(2)商业银行全要素生产率呈改进态势,国有银行的GML指数高于股份制银行,但在部分年份出现了变化,从GML的分解来看,全要生产率变化主要由技术进步驱动;(3)专利数量对商业银行经营效率无显著影响,业务创新和不良贷款均对经营效率呈现负向影响,存贷比和资产规模对商业银行经营效率有显著正向影响。对商业银行而言,一是要转变原有的以追求利润为导向的理念,注重追求经营效率;二是要更加重视金融科技的应用和发展;三是要提升中间业务收入的比重;四是要严守风险底线,把握好利润和风险的平衡。

Measuring the operating efficiency of commercial Banks in 2007—2017 by super-SBM models and GML index,and analyzing impact of financial innovation on commercial banks operating efficiency.The results show the following.Firstly,operating efficiency of the 16 banks present a trend of increasing,and the overall operating efficiency of state-owned banks is far lower than joint-stock banks.Secondly,total factor productivity of commercial banks presents an improvement trend.The GML index of state-owned banks was higher than that of joint-stock banks,but it changed in some years.From the decomposition of GML,the change of total factor productivity is mainly driven by technological progress.Thirdly,the number of patents has no significant impact on operating efficiency of commercial banks,business innovation and non-performing loans have a negative impact on the operating efficiency,while loan-to-deposit ratio and asset size have a significant positive impact on the operating efficiency of commercial banks.For commercial banks,the first is to change the original profit-oriented concept and focus on the pursuit of operating efficiency.The second is to pay more attention to application and development of financial technology.The third is to increase the proportion of intermediate business income.The fourth is to strictly adhere to the risk bottom line and grasp the balance between profit and risk.