基于复杂网络的中国区域科技人才开发效率动态演化分析

Dynamic Evolution Analysis of Development Efficiency of Chinese Regional Scientific and Technological Talents Based on Complex Network

利用1990-2015年中国其中的31个省(市)的面板数据,运用DEA方法得到了区域科技人才开发效率,对所得结果进行了描述性统计分析.通过构造滑动窗口将区域科技人才开发效率转化成连续变化的复杂网络,进而利用一系列连续变化的复杂网络的拓扑统计量来分析区域科技人才开发系统的特征.研究结果表明:东部地区科技人才开发平均效率值为0.7226,中部地区科技人才开发平均效率值为0.5580,西部地区科技人才开发平均效率值为0.3558.因此,西部地区的科技人才开发平均效率处于较低的水平.2005年之后,全国区域科技人才开发效率网络在演化过程中既具有短程相关性,同时又具有长程相关性.中部区域的平均度和平均介数最大,在全国区域科技人才开发系统中发挥着重要的中介作用;西部区域的平均集聚系数最大,具有较高的集聚特征.全国区域科技人才开发效率网络拓扑指标演化结果表明,随着各个省市相继出台具有区域特色科技人才政策,各个省市的人才开发效率相关性呈现弱化趋势,科技人才开发的地域特征越来越明显.

In this paper,the panel data of 31 provinces(cities) in China from 1990 to 2015 are used to obtain the development efficiency of regional scientific and technological talents with DEA method,and descriptive statistical analysis is carried out on the obtained results.By constructing a sliding window,the efficiency of regional scientific and technological talent development is transformed into a continuously changing complex network,and then the characteristics of regional scientific and technological talent development system are analyzed by using the topology statistics of a series of continuously changing complex networks.The results show that the average efficiency of scientific and technological talent development in the eastern region is 0.7226,the average efficiency of scientific and technological talent development in the central region is 0.5580,and the average efficiency of scientific and technological talent development in the western region is 0.3558.Therefore,the average efficiency of the development of scientific and technological talents in western China is at a low level.After2005,the efficiency network of national and regional scientific and technological talent development has both short-range correlation and long-range correlation in the evolution process.The middle region has the largest average degree and average intermediate number and plays an important intermediary role in the development system of scientific and technological talents.The average agglomeration coefficient of the western region is the largest and has high agglomeration characteristics.The results of the evolution of network topology index of the efficiency of the development of scientific and technological talents show that the correlation of the efficiency of the development of scientific and technological talents in various provinces and cities is weakening,and the regional characteristics of the development of scientific and technological talents are becoming more and more obvious.