健康人平衡任务近红外脑功能成像的系统研究

System research of brain activity during standing balance tasks in healthy people

目的研究健康人平衡任务期间的实时大脑活动,探索不同动态平衡任务、老化和相关脑区的相互关系。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、SciVerse ScienceDirect、Medline、Embase等数据库,检索时限为2010-01—2020-01。由2名研究者按已制定的纳入标准和排除标准独立进行文献筛选、数据提取。结果最终纳入符合标准的文献14篇(n=372),采用感觉统合测试系统对自动动态平衡任务进行研究,当依靠前庭信息维持平衡时,颞上回(STG)、缘上回(SMG)激活;使用站立平衡任务研究自动动态平衡任务,发现辅助运动区(SMA)血氧饱和度上升。他动动态平衡任务中随干扰程度的增大,前额叶皮质(PFC)激活程度增大,当任务难度达到中等以后激活程度趋于平稳。在双重任务中,与年轻人相比,老年人平衡干扰较明显,前额叶皮质(PFC)较活跃。结论针对健康人群的平衡任务研究提示SMA、SMG、STG、PFC参与平衡的控制。

Objective To study the real-time brain activity during the balance tasks in healthy people and explore the relationship between different dynamic balance tasks,aging and related brain regions.Methods Databases including PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,SciVerse,ScienceDirect,Medline,Embase were searched from January 2010 to January 2020.All of the studies were screened independently by 2 researchers based on established inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,then the data were extracted.Results Totally 14 articles were included.In the study of sensory organization test for automatic dynamic balance task,it was generally found that the superior temporal gyrus(STG)and superior marginal gyrus(SMG)were activated when relying on vestibular information to maintain balance.Oxygen saturation of the supplementary motor area(SMA)increased in the automatic dynamic balance task that only performed the standing balance task.With the increase of interference degree,the activation degree of prefrontal cortex(PFC)increased,and the activation degree leveled off after a certain degree.In dual tasks,we found that dual task interference was more pronounced in older adults than in younger adults,and PFC was more active.Conclusion SMA,SMG,STG and PFC are involved in the balance control.