microRNA参与柑橘生长发育和抗逆的研究进展

Research Advances of Citrus microRNAs in Plant Development and Stress Resistance

microRNA(miRNA)是在转录后水平调控基因表达的一类非编码的小分子RNA。植物miRNA最早于2002年在拟南芥中发现,柑橘miRNA的研究始于2005年,现已发现了许多保守的miRNA和新的miRNA。对参与柑橘生长发育及对生物学胁迫和非生物学胁迫应答过程的miRNA进行了归纳,并对cis-miR156、cis-miR396和cis-miR3954在柑橘中的功能研究进行了总结。与模式植物和大田作物相比,柑橘miRNA的功能研究相对滞后,新发现miRNA的功能有待深入研究。最后对利用柑橘特异的病毒载体和基因定点编辑技术加快柑橘miRNA功能研究进行了展望。

microRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs,which regulate complementary m RNAs by mediating mRNA degradation and translational repression. The research on citrus miRNAs has been conducted from 2005,three years after the first plant miRNA was identified in Arabidopsis. Many plant-conserved miRNAs and novel miRNAs have been identified in citrus,with the advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology and the improvement of bioinformatics analysis methods. These miRNAs were not only involved in the biological processes,such as citrus reproduction,flower and fruit development,but also in the resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses,through regulation of their target genes. Meanwhile,the functions of cis-miR156,cis-miR396,and cis-miR3954 were summarized herein. In the present manuscript,we also prospected the usage of citrus-specific viral vectors and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology to accelerate the study on function of citrus miRNAs,especially the novel miRNAs.