甲骨文“市”字的语义

The Semantics of "Shi" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions

甲骨文“市”的语义与字形特点仍有许多不明之处。通过比较文学、文献学和于贵州省进行的苗族葬礼相关的田野调查法,综合性地考察甲骨文“市”字语义发现:第一,“市”与祭祀、道路有关系;第二,甲骨文“市”增加的“土”字,表明“市”与“社”有关系;第三,甲骨文“市”的记时作用,与“市”中所立“柱”测时有关系。

There are still many ambiguities in the semantic and glyph features of the character shi(市)in oracle bone inscriptions.Through comparative literature,philology and field investigation related to Miao funeral in Guizhou Province,the semantic meaning of this word in oracle bone inscriptions is comprehensively investigated.It is found that shi is related to sacrifice and road.Second,the addition of the word"soil(土)"to the inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells indicates that this word is related to the word she(社).Third,the chronological function of this word in oracle bone inscriptions is related to the time-determining function of zhu(柱)that is set up in a shi.