乡村振兴背景下农地“三权分置”制度改革的深化研究

Deepening research on the“three rights separation”system reform of agricultural land under the background of rural revitalization

农村承包地“三权分置”制度改革的提出先于乡村振兴战略,从而导致现有的农村承包地“三权分置”制度安排难以契合乡村振兴战略。本文从乡村振兴战略的五个总要求出发,进一步讨论和丰富农村承包地“三权分置”制度改革的政策目标。研究表明改革具有五个目标:1)扩大农业经营规模,降低生产成本,提高农业竞争力,促进产业兴旺;2)转变农业生产方式,推进农业绿色发展,发展生态农业,促进生态宜居;3)激活传统优秀农耕文化,与农业农村产业相融合,探索农业文化创意,促进乡风文明;4)推动农村基层治理,探索农村基层组织三治融合,促进治理有效;5)扩大农业投资,提高经营效益,增加农村居民收入,促进生活富裕。在此基础上,划分三个阶段讨论乡村振兴的战略阶段,以及不同阶段下农村承包地“三权分置”制度改革的深化举措。

The reform of the"three rights division"system of contracted land in rural areas was put forward first,while the strategy of rural revitalization was put forward later,which made it difficult for the existing"three rights division"system arrangement of contracted land in rural areas to fit the rural revitalization strategy.Starting from the five general requirements of the rural revitalization strategy,the paper further discusses and enricites the policy objectives of the reform of the system of"separation of three rights"of contracted land in rural areas.Research shows that the reform has five objectives:1)expand the scale of agricultural operation,reduce production costs,improve agricultural competitiveness,and promote the prosperity of the industry;2)change the mode of agricultural production,promote green development of agriculture,explore ecological agriculture,and promote ecological livability;3)activate traditional farming culture,integrate it with agricultural and rural industries,explore agricultural cultural creativity,and promote rural culture;4)promote the effectiveness of rural grassroots organizations,explore the integration of the three governance systems of rural grassroots organizations,and promote effective governance;5)expand investment in agriculture,improve business efficiency,increase the income of rural residents,and promote a better life.On this basis,three stages are divided to discuss the strategic stage of rural revitalization and the measures of deepening the reform of rural contracted land"three rights separation".