“政治”的再发现——基于《新教伦理》对韦伯思想发展的探讨

The Rediscovery of“the Political”——A Discussion of the Development of Max Weber’s Ideas since The Protestsnt Ethics

韦伯在将《新教伦理与资本主义精神》收入《宗教社会学论文集》时,对文本进行了系统的修订,明确了文本涉及的社会政治内容与自己研究主题的关系.韦伯其后借助支配社会学的概念将《新教伦理》的主题发展为《世界宗教的经济伦理》的“理性主义的类型学与社会学”,这一新的概念架构是韦伯重新理解政治的关键.韦伯对政治的重新理解源于韦伯对伦理理性化中支配机制的思考.

Max Weber revised The Protestant Ethics(1904-1905)systematically to integrate it into his Collected Essays in the Sociology of Religion(1920).The revision reveals Weber’s new understanding of the political and its relation to the main theme of The Protestant Ethics.The terminology of domination played a crucial role in the expansion of the ethical rationalization into“the typology and sociology of rationalism”advocated in the Economic Ethics of the World Religions.Weber’s new concept of the political on the basis of domination originated from his analysis of ethical rationalization in The Protestant Ethics.