几种常见消毒方式对一次性使用医用口罩细菌过滤效率的影响及消毒效果的验证

The Effects of Several Disinfecting Methods on the BFE of Single-use Medical Face Mask and the Validation of Disinfections Effect

目的探究几种常用消毒方式对一次性使用医用口罩细菌过滤效率的影响及消毒效果的验证.方法参照YY/T 0969-2013一次性使用医用口罩标准方法对经过紫外线照射、75%酒精、56℃干热、家庭汽蒸和高压灭菌消毒方式处理后的一次性使用医用口罩外观、细菌过滤效率进行评价;并采用金黄色葡萄球菌模拟污染,参照GB 15979-2002一次性使用卫生用品卫生标准方法验证对口罩杀菌能力可能较弱的紫外线照射、75%酒精、56℃干热等消毒方式的消毒效果.结果5种消毒方式对一次性使用医用口罩外观无明显影响.与对照组细菌过滤效率(99.66±0.21)%比较,紫外线照射(99.52±0.17)%、56℃干热(99.58±0.16)%和家庭汽蒸(99.43±0.22)%对口罩细菌过滤效率无明显影响(P>0.05),受试样品结果均符合标准要求(≥95%);75%酒精浸泡细菌过滤效率(96.97±0.62)%与对照组比较显著下降(P<0.001),但受试样品仍全部符合标准要求;高压灭菌细菌过滤效率(89.34±0.98)%与对照组比较显著下降(P<0.001),所测试样品细菌过滤效率均在标准以下.紫外线照射和75%酒精浸泡对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌效果比较彻底,消毒后无金黄色葡萄球菌检出;75%酒精喷洒和56℃干热消毒有金黄色葡萄球菌检出,但菌落总数较少.结论紫外线照射、56℃干热、家庭汽蒸对一次性使用医用口罩细菌过滤效率无影响,75%酒精浸泡影响较小,高压灭菌严重降低了细菌过滤效率;75%酒精喷洒和56℃干热消毒无法完全杀死一次性使用医用口罩上的目标污染菌.

Objective To test the effects of several disinfecting methods on the bacterial filtration efficiency(BFE)of single-use medical face mask and validate disinfections effect.Methods The appearance and BFE of singleuse medical face masks disinfected with ultraviolet radiation,75%alcohol,56℃drying and domestic steaming,autoclaving were evaluated by referring to the standard methods in single-use medical face mask YY/T 0969-2013.And pathogen contamination was simulated with Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)to validate the effects of several disinfection methods may weak to face mask,such as ultraviolet radiation,75%alcohol,56℃drying.Results Five disinfection methods had few effects on appearance of single-use medical face masks.Compared with control group BFE(99.66±0.21)%,ultraviolet radiation group(99.52±0.17)%and 56℃drying group(99.58±0.16)%,domestic steaming group(99.43±0.22)%had no significant effects on BFE(P>0.05).All of the samples in test met the standard(≥95%).75%alcohol soaking group BFE(96.97±0.62)%was obviously lower than control group BFE(P<0.001),while all of the samples treated with 75%alcohol soaking met the standard.Autoclaving group BFE(89.34±0.98)%also lower than control group BFE(P<0.001),while all samples in autoclaving group didn't meet the standard.Ultraviolet radiation,75%alcohol soaking and domestic steaming kill all the S.aureus.A few S.aureus were detected after disinfected with 75%alcohol spraying and 56℃drying.Conclusions Ultraviolet radiation,56℃drying and domestic steaming have few effects on BFE of single-use medical face mask.75%alcohol soaking have a bit of effect on BFE of the mask.Autoclaving can lower the BFE.75%alcohol spraying and 56℃drying can't kill all of the contaminant microorganisms on single-use medical face mask.